Description ㆍ Preface _ 7 1. The Opening of the Letter and the Motive for Writing [1:1-10] _ 11 2. The Damascus Event and the Mission to Arabia [1:11-17] _ 59 3. The First Visit to Jerusalem After Conversion and Subsequent Activities [1:18-24] _ 103 4. The Jerusalem Apostles Acknowledge Paul and His Gospel [2:1-10] _ 116 5. The Antioch Incident [2:11-14] _ 146 6. The Truth of the Gospel Is Faith, Not the Law [2:15-21] _ 156 7. The Experience of the Saints and the Experience of Abraham Both Support Justification by Faith [3:1-9] _ 198 8. Works or Faith [3:10-14] _ 223 9. The Covenant Is Superior to the Law [3:15-20] _ 250 10. The Law Has an Expiration Date [3:21-25] _ 262 11. You Are Not Slaves but Children [3:29-4:7] _ 275 12. Remember When You First Believed [4:8-20] _ 307 13. Will You Be a Child of the Slave or a Child of the Promise? [4:21-5:1] _ 342 14. Christian Freedom [5:2-15] _ 380 15. Life in the Spirit and Its Fruit [5:16-26] _ 398 16. Bear One Another's Burdens [6:1-10] _ 417 17. Final Exhortation [6:11-18] _ 430 Appendix: "The Debate Surrounding Luther's Doctrine of Justification: Was Luther Wrong, or Is the New Perspective Wrong?" _ 444 Supplementary Notes: 1. "The Similarity Between Apostles and Prophets" _ 15 2. "The Opening of Ancient Letters and the Openings of Paul's Epistles" _ 20 3. "The South Galatian Theory and the North Galatian Theory" _ 22 4. "The Chronology of Paul" _ 23 5. "The Gospel of Justification by Faith as Seen in 1 Thessalonians" _ 24 6. "Where Did the Word 'Gospel' Come From?" _ 41 7. "What Gospel Did Paul Receive at Damascus?" _ 67 8. "Was the Damascus Event a 'Conversion' or a 'Calling'?" _ 74 9. "Paul and Zealot Theology" _ 85 10. "The Calling of Jeremiah and the Calling of Paul" _ 88 11. "Why Did the Messiah Come to Be Called the 'Son of God'?" _ 92 12. "Why Did Paul Go to Arabia?" _ 98 13. "The Chronology of Paul's Visits to Jerusalem" _ 120 14. "E. P. Sanders' Covenantal Nomism and James Dunn's New Perspective on Paul" _ 166 15. "What the Church Has Repeated for 2,000 Years: Reducing the Gospel to Ethics" _ 172 16. "The Film 'Ben-Hur' and Adoption Culture in the Greco-Roman Era" _ 301 17. "Paul's Use of the Father Metaphor and Its Intent" _ 326 18. "Infertility and Childbirth: Judgment and Salvation from God" _ 331 19. "The Old Covenant and the New Covenant" _ 347 20. "Crisis in Society and the Church: Reconsidering Woonam Syngman Rhee" _ 374 21. "Jewish Anthropology and Pauline Anthropology" _ 399 [Preface] This book is a commentary on Galatians. My purpose in writing this commentary is to clearly reveal Paul's intention in writing the letter to the Galatians. I have studied and taught the Bible within the evangelical tradition of biblical scholarship. Although I did not write this book in order to critique the currently popular "New Perspective on Paul," since my own position stands within the "Traditional Perspective" that the New Perspective critiques, the book naturally includes a considerable amount of critique of the New Perspective. Today, from the traditional standpoint, Pauline theology faces a crisis. Paul's traditional doctrine of justification is being challenged and shaken. New Perspective scholars such as James Dunn argue for a two-stage doctrine of justification, in which the first justification is by faith...